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1. The New Testament is an anthology, a collection of Christian works written in the common Greek language of the first century, at different times by various writers, who were early Jewish disciples of Jesus of Nazareth.
2. The original texts were written in the first and perhaps the second centuries of the Christian Era, generally believed to be in Koine Greek, which was the common language of the Eastern Mediterranean from the Conquests of Alexander the Great (335–323 BC) until the evolution of Byzantine Greek (c. 600).
3. The New Testament starts with the four Gospels, Matthew, Mark, Luke (collectively referred to as synoptic gospels) and John, which tell the story of Jesus' time on earth, his crucifixion and return to life, miracles he allegedly performed, and his philosophy and teachings.
4. The New Testament is written almost exclusively in "koine", the form of Attic Greek that was the lingua franca of most of the Mediterranean basin under the early Roman Empire.
5. The "chapter and verse" designations are late developments, not extant in the earliest manuscripts, and though quite convenient for readers sometimes give a false sense of discreteness, resulting in a frequent divorcing of Bible quotations from their context (quote mining shows the ugly results).
6. The New Testament wraps up with the book of Revelation, a story thought by some to be about the end of the world, or at least the Roman Empire.
7. The modern Bible is divided into two main sections: The Old Testament (often referred to as "the bad one"), and the New Testament (erroneously, often thought to be "good").
8. "Books" of the Bible may be historical accounts, laws, folk legends, lectures, poetry, mystical writings, or letters.
9. The term "book" is also misleading, as it is a catch-all term for many different kinds of writing that vary enormously in length and purpose.
10. In almost all Christian traditions today, the New Testament consists of 27 books.
11. It then contains many letters to the nascent churches, mostly written by Saul of Tarsus after his conversion and taking the name of Paul.
12. Division into chapters and verses is also often used in Bible-like works such as the Qur'an and the Book of Mormon.
13. As such, a Bible verse quoted in isolation needs to be interpreted differently depending on which part of the Bible it comes from.